Tar and Gravel Roof Repair

Comprehensive Guide to Tar and Gravel Roof Repair

Introduction to Tar and Gravel Roofs

Tar and gravel roofs, also known as built-up roofs (BUR), are a popular choice for flat or low-slope roofs. This roofing system consists of multiple layers of asphalt and roofing felt, topped with a layer of gravel. The gravel protects the underlying layers from UV rays, adds weight to keep the roofing material in place, and provides additional fire resistance. While tar and gravel roofs are durable, they can develop issues over time that require repair. This guide covers everything you need to know about repairing a tar and gravel roof.

Common Issues with Tar and Gravel Roofs

Leaks and Water Infiltration

One of the most common problems with tar and gravel roofs is leaks. Water can penetrate through cracks or weak spots in the asphalt layers, leading to water infiltration and potential damage to the building’s interior.

Blistering and Bubbling

Blistering occurs when air or moisture gets trapped between the layers of the roof, causing bubbles or blisters to form. These blisters can pop, creating openings for water to enter the roofing system.

Gravel Displacement

Over time, the gravel layer can become displaced due to wind, heavy rain, or foot traffic. This displacement exposes the asphalt layers to the sun’s UV rays, accelerating deterioration and increasing the risk of leaks.

Cracking and Splitting

Asphalt can become brittle and crack due to age, temperature fluctuations, and UV exposure. Cracks and splits can compromise the roof’s integrity, leading to water infiltration and other issues.

Steps to Repair a Tar and Gravel Roof

Inspect the Roof

The first step in repairing a tar and gravel roof is to conduct a thorough inspection. Look for signs of damage, such as blisters, cracks, loose gravel, and areas where water may be pooling. Pay special attention to the roof’s seams, edges, and penetrations, as these areas are more prone to issues.

Clean the Damaged Area

Before making any repairs, clean the damaged area to ensure a proper bond with the repair materials. Remove any loose gravel, dirt, and debris. If there is any moss or algae growth, clean it off with a brush or pressure washer.

Repair Blisters and Bubbles

To repair blisters and bubbles, carefully cut open the blister with a utility knife to release the trapped air or moisture. Allow the area to dry completely. Apply a layer of roofing cement or asphalt primer to the exposed area, then press the flap back down. Cover the repaired area with a piece of roofing felt or fabric, and apply another layer of roofing cement on top. Finish by adding a layer of gravel to match the surrounding area.

Fix Cracks and Splits

For cracks and splits, apply a generous amount of roofing cement or asphalt primer to the damaged area. Embed a piece of roofing fabric or mesh into the cement, ensuring it covers the crack or split completely. Apply another layer of roofing cement over the fabric, smoothing it out to ensure a watertight seal. Once the cement has dried, add a layer of gravel to blend with the rest of the roof.

Reapply Gravel

If there are areas with displaced gravel, reapply it to ensure the asphalt layers are adequately protected. Spread a layer of roofing gravel over the exposed areas, using a broom to evenly distribute the gravel. This will help protect the asphalt from UV damage and provide additional weight to keep the roofing material in place.

Address Leaks

For active leaks, identify the source of the leak by inspecting the interior and exterior of the roof. Once the source is found, clean the area and apply roofing cement to seal the leak. Use roofing fabric or mesh for larger leaks to reinforce the repair. Apply additional layers of roofing cement and gravel as needed to ensure a watertight seal.

Preventive Maintenance Tips

Regular Inspections

Conduct regular inspections of your tar and gravel roof, ideally twice a year and after any severe weather events. Early detection of issues can prevent more extensive damage and costly repairs.

Keep the Roof Clean

Keep the roof clean and free of debris, such as leaves, branches, and dirt. Accumulated debris can trap moisture and cause damage to the roofing material. Regular cleaning can help maintain the roof’s integrity and extend its lifespan.

Ensure Proper Drainage

Ensure that your roof has proper drainage to prevent water from pooling. Standing water can accelerate the deterioration of the roofing material and lead to leaks. Clean gutters and downspouts regularly to ensure water flows off the roof efficiently.

Address Minor Issues Promptly

Address any minor issues, such as small cracks or blisters, promptly before they become more significant problems. Regular maintenance and timely repairs can help extend the life of your tar and gravel roof.

Conclusion

Tar and gravel roofs offer durability and effective protection for flat or low-slope roofs, but they require regular maintenance and timely repairs to stay in good condition. By conducting regular inspections, cleaning the roof, ensuring proper drainage, and addressing issues promptly, you can extend the lifespan of your tar and gravel roof and protect your property from water damage. If you encounter significant damage or need professional assistance, consider hiring a reputable roofing contractor with experience in tar and gravel roof repairs.